Most people can name the protagonist. Fewer can define the word "deuteragonist."
And honestly, that’s a shame because writing a great deuteragonist can be the thing that transforms your story from decent to unforgettable. Whether they’re a sidekick, foil, rival, or emotional anchor, the deuteragonist exists to make your protagonist (and your story) better.
Let’s talk about how to write them so they don’t just exist, but matter.
What is a Deuteragonist, Really?
The term comes from Greek theatre. The deuteragonist was literally the second actor on stage.
The first? The protagonist.
So right from the start, this role was built to respond to the main character. Not to fade into the background but to create tension, contrast, and depth.
Today, a deuteragonist is the second most important character in your story. Not a throwaway. Not a walk-on. They matter.
Why a Deuteragonist Can Make or Break Your Story
They’re a Mirror
Sometimes they reflect who the protagonist wants to be. Sometimes they reflect what the protagonist fears becoming. Either way, their presence sharpens the main character’s arc.
They Add Emotional Weight
Ever notice how some stories feel hollow because the protagonist is the only one doing anything that matters?
A strong deuteragonist gives your audience another emotionally resonant perspective. Think of them as an extra set of stakes.
They Push the Plot Forward
Your protagonist shouldn’t carry the whole narrative like a backpack full of cinderblocks.
A good deuteragonist actively shapes the story whether by helping, resisting, or surprising your main character.
How to Write a Compelling Deuteragonist
1. Decide If You Even Need One
Not every story needs a deuteragonist. Ensemble casts exist. But if your story centers on one person and everyone else is orbiting randomly, that’s your sign.
2. Make Them Contrast the Protagonist
Opposites create friction. And friction makes fire.
Don’t give your protagonist a bestie who shares all their beliefs and fears. Instead, build contrast in their:
- Goals
- Values
- Backstory
- Personality type
This difference creates tension and growth.
3. Give Them Their Own Arc (But Not Too Much)
Your deuteragonist should evolve. But remember: your protagonist is still the star.
The deuteragonist can (and should) have a mini-arc, but it should complement, challenge, or reflect the protagonist’s.
4. Let the Relationship Change
The best dynamic duos fight. Or fall apart. Or switch roles.
Start them off as enemies who grow close, or siblings who grow distant. The audience eats that kind of thing up.
5. Don’t Make Them a Plot Device
They shouldn’t just be there to explain stuff or conveniently fix problems. Give them:
- Desires
- Flaws
- A reason to care (or not care)
"Respect your characters, even the minor ones. In art, as in life, everyone is the hero of their own particular story."
— Sarah Waters
Examples That Absolutely Nail It
Samwise Gamgee – The Lord of the Rings
Sam doesn’t just follow Frodo. He saves him. Challenges him. Grounds him.
His loyalty and practicality stand in sharp contrast to Frodo’s inner turmoil. That contrast makes both characters feel more real.
Hermione Granger – Harry Potter
Hermione brings logic to Harry’s gut-feeling chaos.
She isn’t just the smart one. Her own battles with belonging and identity grow alongside Harry’s journey.
Han Solo – Star Wars
He’s everything Luke isn’t: jaded, skeptical, and only in it for himself.
Which makes it very satisfying when he eventually shows up to save the day.
All three of these characters are textbook deuteragonists: close to the protagonist, full of their own issues, and constantly shaping the plot.
Tips From My Own Research
I love seeing how different stories experiment with this second lead.
I’ve noticed stories hit harder when:
- The deuteragonist disagrees with the protagonist at key moments
- Their arc collides with the climax in a meaningful way
- The audience can imagine them starring in their own version of the story
Always ask: what would this story look like from the deuteragonist’s POV? That’s how you know they’re solid.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Making Them Passive
They shouldn’t just tag along like a loyal golden retriever. Give them opinions, resistance, and agency.
Giving Them No Payoff
If they start strong but disappear in the third act? Woof. Their arc should end, not evaporate.
Turning Them Into a Clone
If they act just like the protagonist, your audience will lose interest. Contrast creates chemistry.
ChatGPT Prompt to Try
[.ai-prompt]Use this AI prompt to help you out:
"Create a deuteragonist for a [genre] story. They should contrast the protagonist in values and personality but share the same end goal. Give them a backstory, personal flaw, and a mini character arc that both conflicts with and supports the protagonist’s journey."[.ai-prompt]
Want more help? Use our Character AI Prompts Kit—it’s free and full of genre-specific prompts to help you flesh out your second lead.
Final Thoughts: Your Story Deserves a Strong Second
Writing a deuteragonist isn’t about sidekick energy.
It’s about creating a second anchor point in your story—someone who brings out the best (or worst) in your protagonist.
Done right, they’ll be the character your audience never forgets.
Check out the Storyteller OS to keep track of both arcs in one clean system.
Or read How to Build Better Character Arcs if you want to get nerdy with it.
